Leading with empathy | Keith Yandell (DoorDash, Uber)

[00:00] Every business that you have heard of has gotten rejected by companies. [00:05] at least a handful of [00:07] venture capitalists at one point or another. [00:09] And so that drive to keep going if you believe in the business. [00:13] is critical, absolutely critical. I mean, we were weeks of runway situation. [00:19] and have been told no by everyone. [00:21] And it was just Tony's drive really to keep going. And, [00:24] The way he explains it to me is it's just the difference between a founder and a non-founder. Like if you're really a founder... [00:30] You just have to find a way. You have to keep going. There's no question. [00:34] And I mean, that's the only advice I can give folks is it only takes only takes one. Yes. [00:39] So you got to keep going. [00:41] Welcome to Lenny's Podcast, where I interview world-class product leaders and growth experts to learn from their hard-won experiences building and growing today's most successful products. [00:54] Today, my guest is Keith Yandel. Keith is a longtime leader at DoorDash, where he's been for about seven years. And in that time, get this, he's led the legal team, the HR team, the marketing team, the customer support team. And currently, he leads the BD and corporate development teams. Before DoorDash, he led litigation at Uber. He's also managed folks like Gokul Rajaram, who was previously on this podcast and who suggested that I have Keith on. [01:24] know that much about him, but now you can count me as a huge Keith fanboy. I suspect you'll feel the same way after you listen to this episode. I'm just going to jump right in and bring you Keith Yandel after a short word from our wonderful sponsors.

[01:38] Today's episode is brought to you by OneSchema, the embeddable CSV importer for SaaS. Customers always seem to want to give you their data in the messiest possible CSV file. And building a spreadsheet importer becomes a never-ending sink for your engineering and support resources. You keep adding features to your spreadsheet importer, but customers keep running into issues. Six months later, you're fixing yet another date conversion edge case bug. Most tools aren't built for handling messy data, but OneSchema is. Companies like ScaleAI and Pave [02:08] fast and easy to launch delightful spreadsheet import experiences, from embeddable CSV import, to importing CSVs from an SFTP folder on a recurring basis. Spreadsheet import is such an awful experience in so many products. Customers get frustrated by useless messages, [02:24] like error on line 53, and never end up getting started with your product. One Schema intelligently corrects messy data so that your customers don't have to spend hours in Excel just to get started with your product. For listeners of this podcast, One Schema is offering a $1,000 discount. Learn more at oneschema.co. [02:44] This episode is brought to you by Amplitude. If you're setting up your analytics stack but not using Amplitude, what are you doing? [02:54] while Amplitude unlocks the power of your product and guides you every step of the way. Get the right data, ask the right questions, get the right answers, and make growth happen. To get started with Amplitude for free, visit Amplitude.com. Amplitude, power to your products.

[03:11] Keith, welcome to the podcast. Thanks so much for having me, Lenny. First off the bat, I just want to give a big thank you to Gokul Rajaram and Micah Morowy for suggesting you be on the podcast helping make this happen and also just... [03:25] So just seeing a bunch of questions to ask you. So I hope you're ready to be in the hot seat. [03:29] Definitely as ready as I'm going to be. And those are two good folks to talk to. [03:33] Awesome. And Gokul's been on the podcast. Maybe we'll get Micah on the podcast at some point. [03:38] I wanted to start off with a story. [03:40] Apparently, there's a story of you interviewing what is now your VP of engineering. [03:45] And I hear that in the interview, you called him an asshole. [03:48] And more interestingly, he joined DoorDash because he did that. [03:52] Can you just talk about that story and share that story? [03:55] Yeah, it actually wasn't during the interview. We were debriefing. [04:00] and... [04:01] For me, one of the top things I always hear about DoorDash... [04:05] From an executive standpoint, when we do the internal surveys, it's a no politics, no asshole culture. [04:10] And I'm not one to swear a lot, but after interviewing Ryan Sokol, who's now our VP of Engie, [04:18] he was just kind of aloof he came up as aloof to me [04:21] really curt answers and, [04:23] And I just didn't have a great feeling about him. And I pride myself on being able to discern when people... [04:29] are really engaged or not. And I went to Tony Hsu, who's our founder and CEO. I said, Tony, [04:35] I think this guy's a [04:36] Jerk, I don't think we want him at the company. [04:39] and [04:40] Tony was great. He said,

[04:41] Keith, I want you to just have dinner with him, please, because I got a completely different impression. [04:46] And if you have dinner with him and you still think he's a jerk, we won't hire him. [04:50] And so I ended up meeting Ryan down the street. We actually live in the same general area. [04:56] We went out to dinner and I started right away. I said, I, during the interview, you kind of seemed like an asshole. Are you an asshole? [05:04] And he was so great. [05:07] It completely changed my perspective in a good two minutes. [05:11] He wanted to know what he had said. [05:14] He said, I'm super embarrassed. [05:16] And what could I do differently? [05:18] regardless of how this works out for me in this circumstance, it's just not how I want to be perceived. [05:22] And we talked and joked about the things he had done. And he kind of told me the background for how he reacted or why he reacted the way he did. [05:30] And by the end of the dinner, we ended up staying super late. We had a couple of beers afterwards. Ryan and I have become really good friends. [05:36] And [05:38] Six months later. [05:40] He told me that one of the reasons why he joined DoorDash was that we were going to back blackball him potentially from joining just because of his attitude. Because he's. [05:48] His perspective is life's too short to work with people you don't really enjoy and a lot of people pay lip service. [05:54] And he knew he was going to be a tough hire for us at the time. [05:57] And the fact we were willing to go all the way down the path and have someone super qualified but didn't meet the culture bar for him. [06:04] was what pushed him over the edge to join the company. I love that. I love the directness of that meeting of just like, are you an asshole? [06:10] think about it right and if someone really was a jerk they probably wouldn't have taken it very well right it's just like

[06:17] When you're interviewing someone, giving them tough feedback after the interview, if there's an area of concern, but you otherwise like them can be a really great way to see how they would interact with you personally, as well as how they take feedback. [06:29] And so that was my learning from this situation is to if you really enjoy an interview, except for maybe something on the culture side. [06:36] to give the direct feedback and see how people engage. [06:39] This touches on another question I want to ask you, which is just about DoorDash's culture, which feels really unique, just feels very driven. [06:46] very pragmatic. There's a story I heard where when you guys celebrated one of your biggest milestones, you [06:51] bought the cheapest champagne and plastic flutes and I think the founders brought that to everyone. [06:56] Could you just talk about what makes DoorDash's culture so interesting and unique? [07:00] And maybe if there's a story of just like a microcosm, [07:03] of what George Asher's culture is like. That'd be awesome to hear. [07:07] founder-led companies tend to take on the personality of their founders and [07:10] If you spend any time with our founder, Tony Hsu, [07:14] you realize that he's a humble leader. [07:17] He's competitive. He really wants to win. [07:20] And he'll do whatever it takes to... [07:23] to win. [07:24] And the example you're referring to, I think, is when [07:27] We raised our Series D [07:29] funding, which was a really tough fundraise for us. We had very little runway left. [07:34] We almost went out of business. [07:36] And it was a huge relief when we had finally gotten the funding secured and [07:41] I remember I was in a meeting [07:43] I was running policy and communications, among other things at the time, and I was in the meeting. [07:47] with a couple other folks, and we were talking about the press release strategy. Tony was there,

[07:52] And... [07:54] Someone ran down and got some, I think it was like Corbell or something, champagne and some plastic flutes. [07:59] And one of the women who was in the meeting with me was going to leave to go put those together. [08:04] This is a very smart woman who I think Tony recognized could add more value. And he said, whoa, whoa, whoa. [08:09] You stay here. [08:10] I'm going to go put together the champagne flutes. And he called the other two co-founders, Andy Fang and Stanley Tang. They came, stayed up all night, put together, I don't know, 500 champagne flutes. [08:21] plastic ones for this cheap champagne and let the people who are closest to the problem try to work out the comms piece. [08:27] And I do think that's one great example of the culture. [08:31] The other thing I think that really exemplified DoorDash's culture is [08:35] a level of customer obsession. [08:37] And, [08:38] That manifests in a few different ways. We have a program called WeDash where... [08:42] four times a year, all employees are required to go do deliveries. [08:46] And I love doing it. I do it more than four times a year. And I usually take my daughters with me. [08:51] And one time I was out with my daughter who was eight at the time. [08:56] We got a delivery and it was not... [09:00] was not the best delivery. There's clearly something wrong with the system. We got a sandwich and a coffee and we're supposed to drive 18 and a half miles to drop it off. And that didn't make sense for the customer. It didn't make sense for us as drivers. And she'd gotten to know Tony over the years and [09:16] She said, I really want to call Tony and tell him this thing's broken. [09:19] Honey, I like my job. I'd like to keep my job. Can we not call Tony right now?

[09:25] But she was adamant and I was so proud of her for feeling so strongly that she wanted to fix this thing that was broken. I figured... [09:31] He's not going to answer anyway. We can just... [09:33] calling so call [09:35] Tony picks up on the first ring. [09:37] And I'm like, oh, [09:38] This might go badly. And she just lays into him. She said, [09:42] This is going to take us [09:44] 36 minutes to drop off. The coffee's not going to be hot. How could you allow this experience if you really care about your customers? Whoa. [09:52] And I kind of sucked in my breath and said, well, that's how my time at DoorDash ended. [09:58] But Tony was great. He was like... [10:01] Hey, Alice. [10:03] We have people who do deliveries for months, we have people with deliveries for years. [10:08] And they're always providing me feedback. And this is one of the most insightful pieces of feedback I've gotten recently. And you've only been dashing for like a few different times. [10:17] And by the time we got home, he'd actually sent an email out to the product organization calling out the problem, suggesting the fix, and they were already working on it. [10:26] And that shows the bias to action that I think really is at the heart of DoorDash alongside that customer obsession. [10:32] And it's not unusual for Tony to do customer support. It wasn't like just because he heard this from my daughter that he actioned it. [10:38] He does support every day. And again, this goes back to that level of humility. [10:42] and companies really taking on the ethos of their founder. [10:47] What an awesome story. I want to chat a bit more about that. What is it called? We Dash? Is that the program? [10:52] Yeah. So you say that you're supposed to do it how many times a year? Four times a year? Yeah, at least four times a year. And then you said that you do it a lot more often. How often are you doing it? And then is there any other fun stories of that experience? Like, you know, someone like you delivering someone's sandwich?

[11:05] I probably do it once a month. Wow. [11:07] And there's all kinds of great reddish stories, but I don't know how interesting they're going to be to them. [11:12] the broader public because for me it's just about getting out and experiencing the product i almost always find something that's broken [11:20] And I send an email to, we have a Slack channel that's devoted to experiences. [11:24] via Weedash. It's everything from, I found a bug once where it wasn't routing you necessarily the fastest route. [11:33] It was going using straight line as opposed to road. That was something that we fixed. [11:37] And, [11:38] For me, the best parts about WeDash are... [11:41] the experiences, the interactions with the restaurants, the interactions with colleagues. So I'll go delivering with Ryan Sokol, the head of engineering, [11:49] I'll give him a hard time about refining the product and things like that. [11:53] But that's by far my favorite weed ash story is the one with my daughter. That's a good one. [11:58] So at Airbnb, we actually had a similar program where Brian wanted everyone to be a host at Airbnb. [12:03] But as you can imagine, that's much harder. Not everyone is able to, not everyone has a place to. So there's always kind of a challenge to make people do that. I imagine with [12:11] DoorDash is a lot easier because a lot of people can go around and [12:14] deliver things. But yeah, such a killer idea. Such a good way of dogfooding your product. [12:19] Yeah, it's a good point that not everyone is able for a host of reasons at DoorDash to do it. And so there are alternatives. So you can do customer support, for example, in lieu of actually going and doing deliveries. It's just about making people have empathy and get closer to the product. [12:33] It's also going back to the culture point you raised.

[12:36] it's a great way to weed out people that maybe we wouldn't want to work with, right? Because, [12:41] Not everyone wants to... [12:43] Every software engineer wants to hop in their Tesla and go out and deliver McDonald's to some kids. [12:48] It takes a certain level of humility, a certain amount of customer obsession to even sign up for that. So we're really vocal during the interview process. [12:55] that this is something that's expected and it serves as a governor to attract the people that you think are going to be most successful at the company. [13:02] I love that. Imagine all your programs have the dash in there somewhere, something dash. [13:07] We try. I think when I was head of marketing, we did a much worse job. I think we're doing much better now. Nice. Airbnb was always air something. [13:15] Okay, so I think one of the most interesting things about you and your background, maybe unusual things, is the... [13:21] Number of teams that you've led over your time at DoorDash. I have a list here. [13:25] So for your time at DoorDash, [13:26] You've led the HR team, you've led the customer support team, [13:30] but the sales team, the marketing team, [13:33] Now you lead the BD and CorpDev team. Initially, I think you were [13:37] Chief Legal Officer, [13:38] So here's my question. [13:40] As someone that I imagine doesn't have a ton of expertise and experience in a lot of these areas, [13:45] How were you able to incredibly lead these teams [13:50] And I ask partly because as a founder, you have to learn how to lead teams and people that you don't actually know what they're doing as well as they do. [13:56] And so I'm just curious what you've learned about being able to lead [13:59] teams in such disparate skill sets and functions. [14:02] Yeah, the one thing I'll say is I did not run sales. That's maybe one of the very few non-technical functions I did not lead. But the question is a good one. And I had massive imposter syndrome the first time Tony asked me to take on something that I wasn't a subject matter expert in.

[14:18] And I told him I didn't want to do it. [14:20] And he had me read this book called Range by David Eckstein. [14:25] And the general thesis is that generalists are better than specialists. And it goes through all these examples of how Nobel Prize winners are usually amazing in something other than the field that they actually win the Nobel Prize in. [14:38] And Tony believes pretty deeply in this philosophy and, [14:42] The way he explained it to me is as follows. [14:44] If you want to achieve a 10x outcome, [14:47] Hiring someone that's an expert in a field is, [14:50] it's maybe unlikely you're going to achieve that 10x outcome because they're likely to do things the way things have always been done. So you might, [14:56] achieve incremental benefits, [14:58] But the odds of completely reinventing the system and doing something that's vastly superior to others is much lower. [15:05] And he said, I know you don't know how to do this stuff. That's why I'm putting you in the role. [15:09] And I said, OK, so first thing he helped me do was was believe that I could add value here. [15:14] And then the second thing for me was to go out and find the best people in [15:20] that really were the subject matter experts and add the value I could to help them be successful. [15:25] And I found that they were actually really attracted to wanting to work with someone like me who came into the interview process and said, [15:32] Good news, bad news. I don't know your field anywhere near as well as you do. [15:36] Here's the ways I intend to help you. [15:39] here's what I think you can provide. [15:42] And at the end of the day, I'm going to get out of your way. [15:44] And that's really proven true. So I ran marketing, hired, initially had a brand,

[15:49] Kofi, who now is our CMO, [15:52] hired a head of legal who's now our GC to sharing him. [15:56] And these people have really just excelled at [16:00] their function and with the warm-up that i was able to provide i've really [16:05] proven that they're much better at the jobs than I was. [16:08] You don't strike me as someone that is trying to build empires and take over all these teams. I imagine this kind of came at you because you've been doing a great job at other things. Is that how it worked? [16:17] And I guess, is there anything, any lessons there that you can take away? [16:21] Yeah, 100%. [16:23] I run a 12-person org today, so I've gone from running 1,500 people in the company to 12 people. [16:30] And for me, people talk a lot about hiring people better than you are. [16:35] People don't talk a lot about what you do when you hire those people. [16:40] And if you really care about the company and your long-term [16:43] brand as an individual, as a manager, you realize what you want to do when you find the person that's better than you is you want to slowly get out of the way. [16:51] And, [16:53] It's really good for the company. It's my favorite part of my job is seeing people that [16:58] either have hired or managed to be successful on their own. [17:02] And I think it's a big part of our success is this. [17:06] desire to be successful regardless of who's in charge. And that comes from the fact when I joined DoorDash, we were getting our tails tick. We were in fourth place in the space. Uber had just launched food. [17:18] and rocket to market share leadership.

[17:23] And I think that was really good for us as a company because we realized unless we all work together together, [17:29] And it wasn't about who was doing what or, [17:31] or things like that, we weren't going to have a shot at being successful. And I think that ethos has really pervaded... [17:36] and persisted. [17:38] since then. [17:39] Yeah, I think most people don't realize DoorDash actually has the biggest market share in food delivery. I imagine that's still true. I've always seen these line charts of market share and DoorDash has always thought, I think people kind of would think. [17:49] Uber Eats is winning, but it's not true. [17:52] Yeah, I mean, the category charts I've seen are consistent with what you said by a pretty wide margin. [17:58] But we try not to focus on things like that. We try to focus on [18:01] the customer experience. And it's humbling in our space because [18:05] We're doing millions and millions and millions of deliveries a day and [18:09] those deliveries will go wrong no matter how hard you try. And, [18:12] We read those experiences. We do customer support and we understand that there's a long ways to go. So [18:19] We're just getting started and we know that. [18:21] You mentioned that you ran this 1,500 person org at one point. [18:25] And something that I've heard you do that helps you do that [18:28] is you have this document that you put together that kind of explains [18:31] how to work with Keith, [18:33] and also just broadly how things work at DoorDash. [18:36] Can you talk about this document, why you thought it was necessary and kind of the impact something like this has had? And then we're going to share a. [18:42] link to a redacted version of this in the show notes. One thing I've learned is it's super hard to scale culture, especially when you're growing as fast as DoorDash has since I joined. We were

[18:54] headcount perspective for the vast majority of my time every year. [18:58] And so one thing I noticed is, [19:01] It's hard to come into a place [19:03] and be new. [19:05] and understand how things work and what it means to be successful there. [19:08] And so the idea was, [19:10] to do our best to scale that. And one thing that Tony taught me is one thing that scales really well is ribbon work product. [19:16] And so I put together this document. There's, there's three basic subject matters. It's, [19:21] My expectations slash what I've seen as traits and successful people within the company are [19:28] Two are... [19:30] Ciao. [19:31] I can improve. [19:33] Basically, feedback I've gotten in things I'm working on [19:37] For example, I'm a litigator by training, and so I tend to argue about things even if I agree with people to test levels of conviction. And I got feedback from my team that that was really confusing because... [19:47] I'd be arguing against something and then [19:49] we would execute that exact thing. And so I try to be transparent about that and explain how I work through problems, but also in saying, Hey, this is something I'm trying to improve on is not being quite so argumentative for, for sport. [20:03] And then it talks about what my commitments are to team teams. [20:07] So I'm committed to finding you your next job, even if that's not at DoorDash. [20:11] Life's too short to be in a job you don't like. [20:14] Things like that. [20:16] I've heard from a few people how impactful this is. [20:18] document ended up being [20:20] I guess what impact have you seen this have on the org that you've run and the company and then

[20:25] And yeah, any other examples of just why this is powerful? Because I imagine some people listening are like, oh, I should do something like this. [20:32] For me, one of an executive's main jobs is to attract and retain top talent and [20:37] Going back to why people have joined DoorDash, Kofi Amu, Godfrey, who is now our CMO, [20:42] joined me as head of brand when I was running marketing. [20:45] It's comical because this person is a legend in the marketing space and I had no idea what was going on. And so convincing him to join, I was really nervous about. [20:54] And, you know, [20:55] The point where he decided to join, I had sent him this document. He wanted to know what it was like to work with me. I said, well, I've actually written that down. [21:01] And he later told me that that was a really important factor for him, that someone was so transparent about their areas for growth, how they thought [21:08] they could be helpful. And he liked the fact that I knew that I didn't know [21:12] And so he knew he was going to have a lot of autonomy on the role. And that was really important to him. [21:17] But more broadly within the organization, how it's been helpful is, [21:20] Just being able to have people engage with me in a way, with a company in a way that is so consistent with the culture from day one. I've had people come and tell me. [21:30] that I'd never met before, that they'd read the doc, even if they're on a different team. [21:33] and just how helpful it's been to try to acclimate to this fast-paced environment. [21:39] where you're learning while drinking from the fire hose effectively. [21:44] Yeah, that makes sense. [21:46] Touching a little bit on it, you talked about all these amazing people you've led. [21:50] and how you've been able to do that. Something else I've heard that you do that's pretty unusual [21:54] is you help people that you manage find their next job.

[21:59] which may not necessarily be within the company, maybe another company, you kind of like help them land it and find something else to do. [22:06] I've never heard of that before, really. I'd love to hear why he decided to do that, how he do that, and just the kind of impact. [22:12] Second order impact, maybe that has. Maybe that leads you to be doing this. [22:16] I wasn't a calculated decision why I started doing it. Then I gave it a lot of thought because I was afraid that, [22:21] I might get some blowback. [22:23] when people started taking jobs elsewhere and as i thought about it i realized [22:27] It really is better for the company to, [22:29] to have that type of open dialogue with people that work on your team. [22:34] I think that's true for a few reasons. [22:37] First of all, [22:38] When you're open in this how to work with KeepDocument, I say, I will help you find your next job. [22:44] And what that means is number one, [22:47] People are going to be transparent with you or more transparent if they're looking for something else or if they're not happy. [22:52] That's going to allow you to lay the foundation for a backfill, so you're much less likely to get surprised when someone leaves. [22:59] Number two, [23:00] What's going to happen is if someone runs a blind reference on me at this point with someone that I've managed, which... [23:06] in the current environment is more and more common. [23:10] People are diligencing the managers. [23:13] What they're going to hear is Keith's going to put you first. [23:16] And I think that's really motivating for a lot of people. So if you're thinking on a five, 10 year horizon of your career as a manager, whether you're an entrepreneur hiring people in your company, whether you're a product manager who's trying to build a team.

[23:29] building that long-term reputation. I think people take much too short-sighted perspective on that. And so now if I get a blind reference, people are going to hear that it's not all about the company. It's not all about Keith. It's about [23:41] you and your career and that's going to pay back 10x maybe you lose one really talented person but [23:47] They probably shouldn't be there anyway. [23:50] They're probably going to leave anyway. And this way you can participate in that and really drive value for them as well as for the company in the future. [23:57] by creating a much better reputation for the group of managers. So it's been really helpful for me. I keep in touch with a lot of people who have left. And we get a lot of boomerangs too. There's a lot of people who leave DoorDash and come back [24:11] And that's something I love seeing because it shows that, [24:15] People have gone out and seen what else is out there and realized this is the right place for them. [24:20] Can you talk a bit about how you operationalize this? Because this is just out there. [24:23] Tell me if you're thinking about a new job and I will... [24:26] talk you through your options and help you find something. [24:29] Or is there anything else there for folks that maybe want to offer this to their employees? [24:33] So first of all, I put it in this document. And so I say how I run one on ones in my how to work with keep document. And the last 10 minutes, my one on ones are career development conversations. That's a really fertile ground for having the discussion. [24:44] but for particularly more senior folks, [24:47] If I get pinged for a GC job or when I would get pinged by a recruiter for a GC job, [24:53] I would for that to Tia Sheringham, who's now our general counsel, but was [24:57] basically head of legal for years before she got the general counsel title.

[25:01] And I'd say, hey, Tia, I don't know when this job's going to be available here. I'm still liking what I'm doing. I think I'm still adding value. [25:07] If you think it's time for you to leave, I think this is a really good opportunity. Wow. And I say, in addition to that, you're going to learn the questions they ask during the interview process. You're going to learn what type of qualifications they're looking for. And if I'm not getting you that experience, you can you can tell me. [25:23] And thankfully for me, Tia decided to stay and has now grown into the general counsel of DoorDash and [25:30] doing a much better job at the role than I ever did. But she had the opportunity to leave. And I think she learned from some of those experiences [25:38] inbounds and the experiences she had. [25:40] Wow, that is amazing that your boss is forwarding you. [25:44] recruiter pitches to go work somewhere else. [25:47] I think it made her want to save, right? [25:49] If I wasn't [25:51] invested in her success. [25:53] She could have left any time and gotten a job super qualified. [25:56] But I think she felt a sense of loyalty based on my sense of loyalty. And I think it worked out best for all involved. I love it. [26:06] This episode is brought to you by Coda. You've heard me talk about how Coda is the doc that brings it all together and how it can help your team run smoother and be more efficient. I know this firsthand because Coda does that for me. I use Coda every day to wrinkle my newsletter content calendar, my interview notes for podcasts, and to coordinate my sponsors. [26:26] More recently, I actually wrote a whole post on how Coda's product team operates, and within that post they shared a dozen templates that they use internally to run their product team, including managing the roadmap, their OKR process, getting internal feedback, and essentially their whole product development process is done within Coda. If your team's work is spread out across different documents and spreadsheets and a stack of workflow tools, that's why you need Coda. Coda puts data in one centralized location, regardless of format, eliminating roadblocks

[26:56] slow your team down coda allows your team to operate on the same information and collaborate in one place take advantage of this special limited time offer just for startups sign up today at coda.io slash lenny and get a thousand dollar startup credit on your first statement that's coda.io slash lenny to sign up and get a startup credit of one thousand dollars coda.io slash lenny [27:23] Something else I hear about you, which I'm sensing as we chat more and more, and I can see why this is true, [27:27] is that on the DoorDash kind of C-suite and board meeting and board in general, [27:32] You play this really strong unifying force. [27:35] that helps the group come to [27:38] fast decisions on really complicated topics. [27:41] And I'm curious, one, would you agree with that? And two, what is it that you do that helps [27:45] A lot of strongly opinionated people come to decisions on some really complicated decisions. [27:51] I hope that's true. [27:53] I think that for me, it all comes down to empathy. [27:55] And what I mean by that is [27:58] You have to understand what different people's motivations are in the room. Different people are gold on different things. People come from different life experiences. [28:06] and different... [28:08] work experiences. And I think it's really important to make each person feel heard. [28:13] We've had a situation, for example, where we were deciding between a trade-off between two business lines. It was a profitability question for one business line that would have [28:22] to make one business line much more profitable to do a certain partnership. [28:25] but it would come at the expense of the growth of another business line that was more nascent.

[28:30] And so it's hard when you get the gems for all these businesses together. [28:34] And they have very strong perspectives and good reasons on both sides about why [28:39] Path A is better profitability. Path B is better for growth. [28:42] And they're arguing very strenuously, in part because they want to hit their numbers, in part because they believe it. [28:48] One thing I found super effective in those contexts is I try to ask the other side. So, [28:54] Let's take the profitability side. I asked them to make the growth case. [28:58] I said, tell me the three best reasons why we should actually focus on growth here. [29:02] That generates instant empathy for the other side. [29:05] And sometimes they'll even persuade themselves as they're talking and say, actually, I think you're right that we should focus on growth here. [29:12] we can achieve this profitability measure later or vice versa. [29:16] And so generating empathy and having empathy for the other side, understanding how their goal and what they're bringing to the conversation, I think, is the first step to [29:23] having those really tough conversations. [29:25] I love that. What other steps are there? I like that as a first step. Is there anything else that you end up finding is really helpful there? Sometimes these conversations can go on forever, right? People just want to keep. [29:37] going back to an argument they've already made because they're not willing to settle. And there needs to be someone that says, [29:42] All right, we've got to be clear on who the decision maker is here. If we haven't reached a consensus, who's the tiebreaker? [29:49] And a lot of time that's our CDO, Tony Hsu, but a lot of times it's the, it's the GM for a certain business line or a head of product or a head of engineering. [29:59] depending on the decision to be made. I think being really clear about

[30:02] "Hey, we're all gonna come together. We're gonna have a healthy debate. We're gonna make sure everyone's perspectives are heard." [30:07] We're going to try to reach consensus. But at the end of the day, here's the person that's going to make the decision. And we're going to make it on this time horizon. [30:14] And once the decision is made, we're going to debate each minute. [30:17] And I think that [30:18] having someone that's in the room that [30:21] has run a lot of the functions that are trying to articulate the perspective is helpful. [30:27] and someone who's been at the company as long as I have and given up as much as I have. To your point earlier, [30:33] everyone knows i'm not trying to build an empire i'm trying to find a way to win and [30:37] I think it gives me some credibility to call the question, [30:40] figure out the decision maker is set a timeline and move on. But it's all the only way it works is if there's empathy on both sides. [30:46] This is great. So I just took a few notes. So one is essentially the steel man component, like have them steel man the other side. [30:53] argue why that's the better decision. [30:55] Clarify a decision maker. Make it clear, like, there's the tiebreaker. If we can't get there, this person is going to make the decision. [31:01] and then create a time horizon of like, we need to make a decision by this time. [31:05] Is there anything else before we move on to a different question? [31:08] I think that's the right framework. I can tell you're... [31:11] Product guy. You're very good at distilling it down to the essence. I think that's a good summary. [31:15] Yeah, you got to do it. [31:17] You mentioned the [31:18] one-on-one meetings and I took a note on this actually and I wanted to come back to it. So you mentioned at the end of your one-on-one meetings you have this kind of coaching career conversation. [31:26] Is there anything else you could share about just your approach to one on one meetings, your agenda or how you think about one on ones? [31:32] This is super tactical, but something that I think is really important is

[31:36] I'm very clear in the document we talked about earlier about how I like to work. [31:40] is I demand feedback from me. [31:44] And so we set aside time during one-on-ones where, [31:47] I want the feedback first, constructive feedback. And I expect it. And if you don't give it to me, I'm going to press you on constructive feedback. [31:54] And then I give feedback. [31:55] And it's a lot easier. I tell this to managers all the time. If you're, [31:59] if you create a space where you require constructive feedback, it's a lot easier to give feedback. One of the top things I hear from managers, especially new managers, [32:07] They don't like giving constructive feedback. They want to be positive. They want to be liked and things like that. And so it's a nice way to create space to have that dialogue and [32:16] That's something I actually learned from Travis when I was at Uber. [32:20] we had a system called T3B3, [32:23] where during reviews or post check-ins, you'd have to say three positives about your manager and three constructive pieces of feedback for your manager. [32:32] And the first time I did it, I just did the top things for my manager, who was the general counsel at the time. [32:38] And Travis came over and said, [32:40] This is totally unacceptable. You have to provide constructive feedback. [32:44] which made me super uncomfortable, but created the right environment where people could have these tough conversations because, [32:52] My manager can't get mad at me because she knows the CEO is going to come [32:55] Give me a hard time. [32:57] if I don't provide some constructive feedback. [32:59] And I think having that as an expectation is super important to building open lines of communication. [33:05] Wow, I like this T3v3, so T is top.

[33:08] good things and B is three bad things. [33:10] Yeah. [33:11] Cool. [33:12] I'm trying to imagine you in this meeting with the CFO you mentioned, the CMO you mentioned. [33:16] and them having to give you constructive feedback. [33:20] That's always hard, even though you expect it. Is there anything else you do to help people feel comfortable giving you hard feedback in meetings like that? [33:26] you have to thank them for it. I mean, there's a [33:29] saying, [33:30] feedback as a gift, but you have to say stuff and you have to action. And that's one thing I've found that can be really demotivating for folks, whether it's a lot of these companies have [33:40] these pulse surveys, or they talk about [33:44] what the company can do better. And they put the results on the screen and [33:48] We're going to work on it, and that's the end of it. [33:50] And that was something I learned early on in DoorDash that people didn't like unless you were going to come back and say, hey, this was our lowest performing area in the pulse survey. Here are the three things we did to action it. [34:01] Because that's how you would treat the business, right? [34:03] If we got feedback from a customer or from another business line, [34:07] You would say, heard it, we're going to come back and report out on what we're going to do differently, and then we're going to track the progress. [34:13] And so I think that's really important when you receive feedback [34:16] You have to show people that you're actioning it and say, I heard this from you. [34:20] Checking in, am I doing better? Here are the things that I've changed. And so making sure that there's that feedback loop, I think, is another important part of creating the right structure for people. [34:30] or a good, healthy culture. [34:32] Another guest on the podcast had the same exact advice for getting feedback. And the way he described it is you want to be enthusiastic about like, thank you so much for that. The way he described it is even though you're melting inside because you don't want to hear it.

[34:45] Thank you so much. That was so helpful. [34:47] It's really good advice. [34:49] I want to zoom out a little bit and talk about [34:51] the DoorDash kind of journey. [34:54] There's been a lot of high highs with DoorDash. There's been some low lows. [34:58] I know that there was a funding round at one point where it was very precarious and may not have worked out. [35:03] Question I have for you around that is just like, [35:05] leading through hardships and through tough times. [35:08] What have you learned as a leader about how to lead through challenging times? [35:13] and ask partly because a lot of companies are going through that right now. It's pretty hard for a lot of folks out there, a lot of layoffs. [35:19] And so, yeah, I'm curious what you've learned about leading through challenging times. [35:23] Yeah, I'm going to regurgitate some advice I got from some folks on our board at the same time when we were having really tough times, which I really didn't like hearing at the time. [35:32] but I was kind of new to the space. And that is... [35:36] tough times make companies for a host of reasons. I mean, this is, this is, [35:39] super healthy. [35:41] for the startups out there right now. [35:43] It's because, number one, you're going to find out who the mercenaries are on the team that are people that are there for the mission versus they're there because they think this is going to be a quick road to ridges. [35:54] We had a lot of people leave the company when Uber launched food and we fell quickly to [35:59] behind. [36:01] And... [36:02] That was good for us because the people that stayed were there because they wanted to [36:07] work on this team, on this mission, and they really believed in it. [36:10] The second thing is it forces discipline. [36:14] It's a good thing to focus on unit economics. And we didn't have the funding that a lot of our competitors did, which forced us to be super focused on unit economics and efficient,

[36:23] and serve the customer in unique ways from the start. [36:26] And I think a lot of our success, even to this day, emanates from from those tough times. [36:32] The last thing I'll say is if you're a founder and you're looking for talent, tough times are great because there's a lot more talent out there. I saw, I can't, I think it might have been Bill Gurley. Someone tweeted, this is the best time in recent memory since 2008 to start a company. And that really resonated with me because there's a lot of talented folks out there who are looking for their next thing. [36:51] And three years ago, [36:53] It was tough to find talent. [36:55] And so I think there's a lot to like about, [36:57] tough times. The last thing I'll say is [37:01] One thing that I found surprising is [37:03] from our surveys internally, [37:04] People actually like crises at DoorDash. And I dug into that recently. I was trying to figure out... [37:10] People like these crises. [37:12] And it's because there's singularity of focus. You know what the job is. You know you're going to get whatever resources the company has when you're focused on the main thing. [37:21] and [37:22] These tough economic times will create that work. It's crystal clear. You got to cut burn. [37:28] And everyone's going to be doing... [37:29] what they need to do to achieve that outcome. And I think, [37:33] Talented folks really like that one resourcing and two singularity of focus about what the main thing is and crises manifest those for folks. [37:42] It's interesting that there's all these benefits to tough times. [37:46] It's hard to recreate artificially. [37:48] It reminds me a little bit of Frank Slootman, I think his name, and his book Amp It Up, where he

[37:53] He talks a lot about the importance of urgency. Always creating urgency and obviously a downturn like we have today's is an urgent situation. [38:00] Have you found that to be true, the power of creating urgency and then [38:03] Is there something you've learned about to create that urgency at a company and continue? [38:07] Yeah, this is something Tony's talked about since the day I joined. And he's very good at frustratingly good at that. Because just when you think you've achieved the goal, [38:18] the goal might go up, it might get shorter if you're from the product side. And speaking specifically on the product, [38:24] Compound interest is a really hard concept to fully explain to people to make them truly appreciate. [38:31] But that's something Tony is fantastic at, which is he understands that by pushing a roadmap up even by a week, [38:38] If you can continuously push up what you ship by a week, you're going to end up lapping competitors who are just one week behind because you're going to start the next thing a week sooner and you're getting that 1.01x return. [38:49] and then it grows and grows and grows. [38:51] And he's as good as I've ever seen. [38:54] combined with our [38:55] President Christopher Payne at creating that sense of urgency and just pushing people. Do we really need to test this thing again or can we ship it? How can we move that much faster, even if it's by a small margin? [39:05] Understanding that you can... [39:07] compound those gains over time has been really impactful for our success. [39:11] I saw the same thing at Airbnb. It feels like things are going well. Maybe we could take a little break, but it's constant. Just like, how do we go faster? How do we go bigger? Okay, what's next? We launch this thing. Let's move on. [39:22] And it feels like such a [39:23] pattern across companies that do really well as the founders continuing to keep that pressure on

[39:28] I remember our IPO day, we had this thing. I had to wake up super early. It was a virtual bell ringing. [39:36] And the second it was over, we had our weekly business review and there were tough questions being asked. There was not champagne being passed around. People were in a good mood, but it wasn't like, wow, this is so great. This is like, hey, how are we going to serve our customers today? [39:51] And I thought that was really emblematic of... [39:53] Hey, if we take too deep of a breath, [39:56] and are patting ourselves on the back. It reminds me of the saying, somewhere... [39:59] Someone out there is practicing and when you meet them, they will beat you. [40:03] It's the same kind of thing. It's like if you take too long to... [40:06] Be self-congratulatory. [40:08] you're going to fall behind the people who are still hungry. So it's important to stay hungry. [40:12] Wow. Reminds me, I think it's Bill Gates talking about someone's in a garage building the next Microsoft and he's always trying to stay ahead of them. [40:18] So true. [40:19] The other thing this makes me think about is just like, it's wild that founders, [40:23] Like Airbnb founders have been at this 15 years. Tony, I'm not exactly sure, we're probably a similar amount of time. It's just like they have to keep that pressure on within the company. [40:31] and also keep them [40:32] selves motivated and excited and continuing to push [40:35] Just such a hard path. [40:37] You know, there's like benefits to being that founder, but it's such a challenging life, too. [40:42] Yeah, I think it can be lonely to be a founder for sure. I know that Tony's tried to develop a community for him of people who are similarly situated from other companies, and that's been helpful. [40:51] And I, [40:53] The real founders that I've come across [40:55] That drive, though, is something they can't turn off. They don't have to try to keep it because...

[41:00] There's a handful of traits I've seen that are pretty common. One is a level of obsessiveness. Two is hyper competitiveness. [41:06] And, [41:07] I think they're good at manufacturing straw men, even if everyone's saying nice things. It's like Michael Jordan used to take things out of context. [41:14] and could make bulletin board material. There's definitely an element of that in the great founders that I've come across. [41:21] And there's just a raw curiosity and the competitiveness, but the curiosity and learning how things are working. [41:28] And those all come together to create a drive that just never stops. [41:33] That resonates. [41:35] Coming back to the DoorDash journey a little bit, I imagine the pandemic was kind of this microcosm of high highs and low lows where... [41:42] As an external observer, it felt like everyone needed DoorDash immediately, and it was just like probably the best thing for your business. [41:48] On the other hand, I imagine you have to scale like crazy and keep the wheels on the bus through this time. Can you just talk about that part of history for DoorDash? [41:55] I mean, it was just a wild rollercoaster. We were [41:58] trying to get ready to go public, first of all. And so there was that overlay. [42:02] And then what you saw was our volume dropped right away, like the first or second day of lockdown. [42:08] And I was like, well, [42:10] This is going out of business because no one wants to order food from restaurants anymore. People didn't know how COVID was transmitted. And so just basically volume dropped out of a cliff. And I was like, oh, went from super high, we're getting ready to IPO, super low, volume's going to zero. [42:24] And then all of a sudden volume doubled. [42:27] And that was really exciting for a second until we realized that our customer support center, I was running support at the time, all the support centers around the world shut down. So you're doubling volume. You have no one to serve it from a customer support perspective.

[42:39] And our infrastructure, we weren't planning to grow that fast. We didn't think there was a chance of two or three exiting in a very short window. [42:47] And so every Friday night, they have to crash. They just, [42:50] And if you're running customer support, there's few things you like less than the app going down. Set aside what it means for the customers and for the business. Selfishly, it's just super painful. [43:00] The irony of it was, is our NPS was going up and that people were just so grateful to have the product. [43:06] to be able to safely get the things they needed for people to be able to earn money at times when they really needed it because maybe their job had been shut down or they weren't allowed to go in. [43:15] It became a really essential service for folks. [43:18] And that was really motivating for me, I think, for the team is to really be able to [43:23] fulfill the big part of our mission of empowering local economies in a very unique way in a very special time. [43:29] And the last thing I'll say on the pandemic, [43:32] was... [43:34] I remember vividly, one of my most vivid Jordache memories was being on a Zoom call [43:38] where we were trying to figure out what to do to help restaurants. [43:42] And again, we were trying to go public. [43:45] And Tony made a decision and I admit I was on the wrong side of history. I was arguing that this seemed extreme just to cut commissions by basically a hundred million bucks. [43:55] for restaurants to help them stay in business. [43:58] And I'm like, [43:59] hold on we're trying to go public this is going to completely change the bottom line perspective no one's asking us to do this [44:05] And Tony says, Keith, you just you think too short term. He's like, this is the right thing to do.

[44:12] And it reminded me of the Ted Lasso quote, which is doing the right thing is never the wrong thing. [44:17] And I talked about how sometimes there's healthy debate. He didn't want to hear any debate on this one. [44:22] He said, just shut it down. And he's like, founder led decision. [44:25] this is the right thing to do. We're going to cut these commissions. And [44:28] I woke up the next morning and never been happier to... [44:32] kind of been overruled in a debate before than there it was just such [44:36] such a meaningful moment for the company, and I was so proud to be a part of the organization. [44:40] Is there anything else you took away from that experience of just living through this up and down of... [44:46] of Pandemic Times at DoorDash. [44:48] It actually reminds me of the best advice I got when we were having our first kid. [44:52] And everyone thinks they're going to give you the insight that's really going to be transformative. But one that stuck with me is. [44:58] For better and for worse, everything's temporary. So the highs, you can't get too high. The lows, you can't get too low. [45:05] That really resonated with me during that period of time. [45:09] as well as this general idea that [45:12] You have to try to find opportunities to reach the potential for the business and [45:17] Decisions sometimes have to be made in very short time horizons and, you know, be able to seize those moments, I think is really important. [45:24] I have a few questions about product that I want to get to, but one bigger question about [45:29] DoorDash is you've been involved in a lot of the bigger fundraising moments. [45:32] DoorDash, I think you've worked probably with every major [45:35] firm out there raised large dollar amounts for Doordash. [45:40] Are there any memories or lessons that you can share from that experience?

[45:44] We've definitely tried to raise from everyone. I've been told no many, many times. [45:48] I mean, raising the Series D was really difficult. Tony and I worked together very closely on that one. And [45:54] There was a lull in the tech market publicly, and it translated pretty quickly to the private markets. [46:00] and people didn't believe in [46:02] both the TAM, either the TAM or the profitability of the business model. [46:06] And it was difficult, I think. [46:09] One thing that that process taught me is after we raised the D almost every round or I think every round ended up being led by someone who had passed in a previous round. [46:19] And that was because we... [46:21] put up numbers we were highly confident we were going to hit. And I didn't realize until now I'm, [46:25] operating partner at a venture firm on the side. And I see that most people put up stretch plans, but they don't think. [46:32] But that was just not in our DNA. We wanted to make sure that we put forth numbers that we knew were going to hit. [46:37] And that cost us some dilution up front in the form of lower valuations, I think. [46:43] And there's a trust that builds from that where when we tell people we're going to do something, that they have conviction that we're going to do it. [46:50] And I would trade a couple of points of dilution [46:53] for that level of trust with the right investor base over time. [46:58] For founders that are going through... [47:00] fundraising right now, maybe having a hard time. [47:02] Any just advice from that period for founders that are having a hard time raising these days? [47:08] It's fortunate because you only need one. Yes. Right. And, [47:12] You see all the people post how many rejections they got. Every business that you have heard of has gotten rejected by people.

[47:21] at least a handful of [47:23] venture capitalists at one point or another. [47:26] And so that drive to keep going if you believe in the business. [47:30] is critical, absolutely critical. I mean, we were weeks of runway situation. [47:37] and have been told no by everyone. [47:39] And, and it was just Tony's drive really to keep going. And, [47:43] The way he explains it to me is it's just the difference between a founder and a non-founder. Like if you're really a founder... [47:49] You just have to find a way. You have to keep going. There's no question. [47:52] And I mean, that's the only advice I can give folks is it only takes only takes one. Yes. You got to keep going. [48:00] Awesome. [48:02] Shifting a little bit to a few product questions, most of the listeners to this podcast are product builders, growth people, founders. [48:08] And so I have a couple questions here. [48:11] Today you're currently leading the CorpGav and BD team. [48:14] and I imagine you work closely with the product team. [48:17] And so I'm curious what you found to be an effective [48:20] relationship between VD and product and from the experience you've had at DoorDash doing that. [48:26] Yeah, I joke that our head of product, Rajat Shroff, is actually the head of BD because he's both interested in it and good at it. [48:34] And [48:35] To do impactful BD, the two really have to go hand in glove. [48:39] So, [48:40] When I think through how to make that [48:43] relationship work. The first... [48:46] challenge I've confronted and maybe a mistake I made is trying to figure out what the right cadence is, when you bring in the product team, because if you bring them in too early on a deal,

[48:56] that [48:57] really has no chance of getting done [48:59] You waste valuable cycles and our tech talent is our most precious resource probably at DoorDash. [49:05] And so you have to be really mindful about when you bring them in. But if you bring them in too late, [49:09] It may... [49:10] a situation where you've given on terms that you really shouldn't have, [49:14] and that can be really detrimental to the partnership as well. So I think one thing to do is just give visibility. [49:20] So without actually bringing them and having a full discussion, like here's the pipeline, [49:24] If you see things that are super impactful, let us know. If you think things you're not so sure that are going to make a difference, please let us know. [49:31] That's been really helpful. Another thing that Rajat's taught me is the importance of building platforms. [49:36] and whenever you can. [49:37] What we used to do is I'd go out and negotiate a deal. We had a lot of deals around DashPass, which is our subscription product. [49:44] and I'd ask the product team to go build a bespoke thing. [49:47] for this particular partnership, Chase, or [49:51] whatever partnership we were negotiating at the time, [49:53] And Rajat said, why don't you figure out, [49:57] what the scalable solution is for this. We will build you a product. You won't need to come ask us every time. [50:03] to build something and then you'll know the parameters in which you can negotiate. You can negotiate at a better velocity [50:09] And we might spend more time on the first version of this. [50:13] But very little effort for the next and we'll have a high return on the product hours and engineering hours spent. [50:19] and so that was a super valuable insight that i garnered from him is to try to figure out how to [50:24] create these type of platforms.

[50:27] Any other lessons of just building an effective BD team within a product company? [50:32] especially at the scale you're at. [50:35] A few other things. Number one, this is something else that Rajat taught me, which is one of our core values is dream big, start small. [50:41] And he really brought that to the BD product org. And there were some painful times. We invested heavily in a partnership with a hotel chain with that we're going to build. Hey, we're going to make sure that this is the new product. [50:56] dine-in experience when you're at a hotel. We can actually replace room service. [51:01] and asked for a lot of product work, and it was a total flop. [51:05] And the realization I had is that [51:10] We should have gone out and tested this at one hotel with just some hacky operations and seen what the uptick was. [51:16] And what I would have realized is this particular hotel chain was franchised. [51:20] So even though corporate thought this was an important thing they were going to prioritize, if the franchisee doesn't care about it, [51:26] They're not going to give you the visibility in room or otherwise to make it work. [51:30] So we built all this great integration product work that was totally wasted because the operations weren't right. [51:35] And I have, [51:36] probably two or three other examples of situations where I learned I should have just gone out and stood out front with a promo code. [51:43] and handed it out in certain forms and seeing if that changed customer behavior before going and asking for the product resources and [51:51] Rajat? [51:52] correctly was like, hey, this is how we have to think about these things going forward. [51:56] So yeah, definitely building platforms, dream big, start small, use operations to test a thesis around a deal before you actually expend the product resources, I think has been super helpful. And then the last thing would be to engage early, but not too early on deal opportunities.

[52:12] It's interesting how the advice of doing things that don't scale just continues to be useful, even at the scale of a DoorDash. Like you said, you could just stand out there and see if people want group service through DoorDash before building a whole solution. [52:24] Early DoorDash was the core value. Do things that don't scale. It's as relevant today as it was then. [52:30] Same at Airbnb is something the founders brought up all the time. [52:34] And speaking of that, another area that you have a lot of expertise on is legal. [52:39] So you led legal for a while at DoorDash. And I was thinking as I was thinking about this question, like, I wonder what's more... [52:45] uh, [52:46] difficult to be head of legal at Airbnb or head of legal at DoorDash. [52:49] But the front. [52:51] businesses and ideas. [52:53] But we'll avoid that question for now. [52:55] So my question is just, [52:57] legal and product. It's always this interesting relationship. [53:01] how much legal has say over what happens versus how much product has [53:04] final decision-making powers, any lessons there about just how to set up a product and legal relationship within a software business. [53:12] Both for the product folks that are listening as well as the entrepreneurs who want to be founders. [53:17] I've had the pleasure of working with two founders who are very [53:20] product-driven, product-first shapes in Travis and Tony. [53:24] And I found that the way they engage on the legal side is with a curiosity I referenced earlier, which is, [53:31] They're, [53:31] both hyper curious and they will ask questions. [53:35] until they understand the law in the particular area about as well as the lawyers. And then they will apply a first principles product mindset to their understanding of the law. And they will push the lawyers.

[53:47] to make sure that they're not being overly conservative, which sometimes they can be. [53:52] And so when you're on the product team, [53:54] especially if you're in a consumer-facing business. It may not be as pronounced for SaaS businesses, but if you're in a consumer-facing business working on a consumer-facing product, you would better have at least a general understanding of, [54:05] of what type of [54:07] regulations are going to apply to your business. [54:09] and what type of constraints there are and how to push those constraints. [54:13] Yeah. And so for me, it's just about that level of curiosity and actually engaging in the profession. Right. There's nothing magic about the law. There's a finite number of things that you can learn. [54:22] Just like all the other functions I've learned, I think, [54:25] You can engage them in a way until you are proficient and actually really creative to your business. [54:31] Keith, this has been incredible. I can see why people want to work for you, why they keep giving you more teams to run. [54:38] I learned a ton. I'm really excited for folks to listen to this and learn from you. Two final questions. Where can folks find you online or if they want to reach out or learn more? [54:46] Where do you point them? And then two, how can listeners be useful to you? [54:50] If you want to find me, LinkedIn is the place. You can locate me. You can locate me there. I don't do any other social media. I know that. [54:57] It is maybe unusual in this day and age, but that's my preferred medium. [55:02] And then as far as being helpful, always looking for referrals for great people. [55:07] That would be the number one thing. And, [55:09] Everyone has an opportunity to use our products, so if you have product feedback, I always welcome that as well. [55:16] For folks that maybe want to join DoorDash after hearing this, is there specific roles you're hiring for?

[55:21] Anything you want to share there, folks, that might be interested? [55:23] Yeah, I mean, Select World is definitely on the product and engineering side is a place we're focused right now. [55:29] But even if there's not a roll-up in today, I like meeting great people. I've found that building relationships over time, even when you're not looking, is impactful. [55:37] Awesome. Keith, thank you so much again for doing this. [55:40] Thanks, Lenny.